CD22 (CD22 Molecule)

P1/2, N=42, Active, not recruiting, Seattle Children's Hospital | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

Furthermore, in a humanized Nalm6 tumor mouse model, non-stimulated T cells reprogrammed in vivo inhibit tumor cell growth. Our platform is a flexible and broadly applicable CAR-T treatment for hematologic malignancies which promises to be adaptable to other diseases.

Additionally, CAR T-cell products targeting CD19 or CD19/CD22 patients presented higher MRDneg-CR/CRi rates than those targeting CD22 alone. In conclusion, our findings suggest that 4-1BB-based CAR T-cell therapy targeting CD19 offers the best efficacy and safety profile in R/R B-ALL.

This review summarizes recent advances in the application of low-intensity chemotherapy, CD19/CD22-targeting antibodies such as blinatumomab and inotuzumab ozogamicin, the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for elderly pH⁻ B-ALL patients. Clinical studies indicate that these strategies can increase remission rates and survival while reducing treatment-related toxicity, offering particular benefit to older patients who are unsuitable for intensive chemotherapy. Future efforts should focus on optimizing combination and sequential regimens, as well as personalizing treatment approaches to further improve efficacy and safety.

Multivariate analysis identified treatment options and the presence of bulky disease as independent adverse prognostic factors for OS and PFS. These findings suggest that dual-target CD19/CD22 CAR-T-cell therapy, particularly when integrated with ASCT, may mitigate the adverse prognostic influence of TP53 alterations, offering sustained clinical benefit with manageable long-term toxicity in r/r aggressive B-NHL.

P2, N=5, Terminated, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital | N=32 --> 5 | Trial completion date: Dec 2031 --> Sep 2025 | Recruiting --> Terminated | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2029 --> Sep 2025; Closed due to slow accrual

Although mAbs such as rituximab are primarily used in adults, the other modalities have demonstrated efficacy in both pediatric and adult patients with B-ALL. Among ADCs, inotuzumab ozogamicin (InO) has proven effective as monotherapy for relapsed disease, leading to FDA approval for patients aged >1 year with relapsed/refractory B-ALL...T-cell-engaging antibodies are now a standard component of therapy for most patients with newly diagnosed and relapsed B-ALL, following the successful integration of the bispecific T-cell-engager blinatumomab into chemotherapy regimens for both adults and children...Overall, immune-based therapies are now a mainstay of B-ALL therapy. This article reviews the efficacy and safety data of several immune-based therapies in B-ALL and discusses a number of outstanding questions and possible future directions for the use of immune-based approaches in the treatment of B-ALL.

P1, N=20, Recruiting, Stanford University | Trial completion date: Nov 2025 --> Jul 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2025 --> Jul 2026

Notably, we identify specific microbial genera correlated with immune-related gene expression and immune checkpoint blockade responsiveness. These findings provide novel insights into the immune-microbiome axis in STAD and underscore the potential of integrative multi-omics approaches to enhance patient stratification and guide more effective immunotherapeutic strategies.

Recently, ADCs have expanded the DLBCL therapeutic landscape, with the approvals of CD79b-targeted polatuzumab vedotin and CD19-directed loncastuximab tesirine for R/R and even frontline disease. However, the clinical application of ADCs is accompanied by challenges, including the management of characteristic toxicities, understanding and overcoming mechanisms of resistance. This review systematically synthesizes the mechanisms of action, updated clinical evidence, toxicity profiles, and resistance mechanisms of ADCs in DLBCL, while also discusses management strategies and provides perspectives on future directions.

P=N/A, N=100, Not yet recruiting, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong Universit

CD19-targeted CAR T cells, such as tisagenlecleucel, have demonstrated high rates of complete remission and long-lasting responses in clinical trials...Despite these innovations, further research is needed to refine manufacturing processes, reduce costs, and improve long-term outcomes. This review emphasizes the transformative potential of CAR-T therapy for pediatric B-ALL and discusses critical challenges and future directions in the field.