FUT4 (Fucosyltransferase 4)

In addition to technical validation, we describe a practical approach to optimize the manufacturing workflow to improve operational efficiency within clinical environments. These included predefined process pauses to manage personnel and expiration-prone materials, thereby enhancing the feasibility and reproducibility of iPSC manufacturing in real-world GMP-compliant work environments.

Notably, GDP-7-Alk-Fuc was better accepted than GDP-6-Alk-Fuc and GDP-6-Az-Fuc as substrates for these nine human FUTs. These findings reveal the variability in the acceptance specificity and catalytic efficiency of the human FUT family toward the probes and emphasize the potential bias in identifying fucosylated glycans as therapeutic targets.

This case adds to the limited literature reporting cup-like nuclear morphology in B-ALL, which is typically associated with varied cytogenetic abnormalities, including BCR::ABL1 fusion and hyperdiploidy [3, 4]. The findings emphasize the critical role of FCI and molecular studies in distinguishing AML from B-ALL or mixed phenotype acute leukemias.

Our study provides a comprehensive perspective on the role of CD15 antigen as an independent prognostic marker in dn-AML patients. To some extent, this prognostic model leverages readily available clinical data to enhance predictive accuracy, identify potential risks and support AML therapeutic decision-making.

This treatment significantly enhanced the detection rate of CD15 antigen in Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg cells (P<0.001). Sialidase digestion effectively unveils sialylated CD15 expression in classical Hodgkin lymphoma, markedly improving its detection in HRS cells.

Created in BioRender. Forconi, C. (2025) https://BioRender.com/oz60qvq.

AML1-ETO fusion gene positive acute myeloid leukemia with basophilic granulocytosis is a rare type of leukemia, and its pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis are unique. In-depth study of such cases, combined with the review of relevant literature, is helpful to further reveal the pathogenesis of leukemia, provide more evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment, so as to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment and improve the prognosis of patients.

This integrative profiling - linking molecular, functional, and morphological parameters - offers a nuanced understanding of the differentiation trajectory and establishes a robust framework for assessing ATRA and other differentiation-based strategies in AML. By delineating these correlations, our findings pave the way for therapeutic approaches that leverage controlled leukemic cell maturation, potentially minimizing the cytotoxic burden associated with conventional chemotherapy.

A characteristic of this tumor is its adequate vascularity, which has not been previously studied with markers such as Nestin, YAP and CD15, and which can provide valuable information about the biology of this tumor. These markers were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, showing tumor blood vessels cytoplasmic staining for nestin and for CD15, demonstrating angiogenesis as an important mechanism in germinomas.

The patient was young and exhibited no symptoms indicative of immunodeficiency, thereby supporting the hypothesis of a pathogenesis derived from immune evasion. We focused on the relationship between PD-L1, which is involved in immune evasion mechanisms, and c-Myc, which may directly contribute to the immune escape of tumor B cells.