CASP1 (Caspase 1)

Notably, recombinant TRAIL protein synergizes with SGI1027 or MS1129 to kill VHL-deficient ccRCC in mice. Collectively, our study unveils an apoptosis induction strategy that involves hijacking HIFs for ccRCC treatment.

The anti-tumor immunity is abrogated by caspase-1 inhibitor VX-765, anti-IL-1β, and anti-IL-18...Finally, Tmem175-/- mice are more responsive to anti-PD-1. Our works implies TMEM175 to be a potential target for immunotherapy.

In selected settings, nano-enabled pyroptosis promotes immune cell infiltration and restores responsiveness to PD-1/PD-L1-based immunotherapy, particularly when combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Despite these advances, clinical translation remains constrained by tumor heterogeneity, delivery inefficiency, and the need for stringent control of inflammatory spillover in lung tissue.

Pyroptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of ICIs-related myocarditis, and Myd88 and Sqstm1 may serve as potential biomarkers for future clinical application.

These data identify the miR-203a-CASP4/11/B axis as a critical mediator of endothelial pyroptosis in sepsis. PHN attenuates sepsis by upregulating miR-203a to inhibit CASP4/11/B-dependent pyroptosis. Therefore, PHN warrants further investigation as a potential therapeutic agent for sepsis.

Clinically, elevated serum levels of soluble MerTK (s-Mer) correlated with hepatic injury severity and Caspase-1 activation in patients after partial hepatectomy or liver transplantation. Our findings suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for LIRI prevention and treatment.

The Western blot results of tumor tissues revealed that the pyroptosis effect of PPII on liver cancer was associated with the activation of the NLRP3/Caspase1/GSDMD pathway, which upregulates the expression of NLRP3, Cleaved-Caspase 1, GSDMD-N, IL-1β, and IL-18 proteins and downregulates the expression of pro-Caspase 1 and GSDMD proteins. In summary, our findings revealed the pyroptosis effect and mechanism of PPII in HCC cells in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that PPII may be used as a potential pyroptosis inducer for HCC treatment in the future.

Overall, inflammasome-related proteins, especially NLRP3, appear to be key contributors to HNSCC progression and may hold potential as prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets. PROSPERO CRD42023453852.

Guanxinping significantly improves IMT and plaque scores, suppresses key inflammatory factors, and enhances plaque stability through mult-itarget mechanisms. These findings provide new insights into its use in integrative treatments for cardiovascular diseases and lay a foundation for precision medicine strategies.

After incubation with HMGN2, the expression of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD‑L1)/caspase‑1/gasdermin D (GSDMD) axis components was significantly increased, and PD‑L1 was translocated into the nucleus from the membrane of CAL‑27 cells. The results of the present study indicated that extracellular HMGN2 induced pyroptosis in tumour cells by modulating the STT3B/PD‑L1/caspase‑1/GSDMD axis.

Therefore, the NLRP3 inflammasome represents a key player in cancer development, and its regulation by miRNAs highlights its importance and clinical potential. This review summarizes mechanistic and clinical knowledge on the biology of NLRP3, highlights its dual role in cancer hallmarks, and discusses the therapeutic promise of targeting the NLRP3-miRNA axis in the management of oral cancer.