The PFS and OS of patients with combined abnormalities of del (1p13.3)/1q21gain or amp was significantly worse compared to del(1p13.3) alone and 1q21gain or 1q21 amp alone, which identifies a subset of patients with poor clinical outcomes.
However, more effective therapeutic approaches are still needed to overcome the negative impact of C1As. Therefore, we summarize the prevalence, pathogenesis, clinical significance and present therapeutic condition of C1As in MM, and attempt to conclude the precise and personalized management for patients with C1As.
Concomitant del 1p with 1q21 gain and /or amp was present in 8% of patients. The PFS and OS of patients with combined del1p/1q21gain abnormalities was significantly worse compared to del 1p alone and 1q21 gain alone and thus identifies a subset of patients with poor clinical outcome.
Our data suggest that KRAS / NRAS / BRAF mutations may play an important role in the development of EMD. These and other associated molecular abnormalities portend a poorer prognosis and may provide novel therapeutic insights.
Our pilot study revealed an association of chromosome 1 abnormalities in bone marrow myeloma cells with extramedullary progression. Optical mapping showed the potential for refining the complex genomic architecture in MM and its phenotypes.