Breast Cancer

Older patients showed reduced PTEN expression. Additionally, elevated HES1 was identified in 98% of patients and lower PTEN in 70%. However, these gene alterations do not seem to reliably predict aggressive tumor behavior in our population, possibly due to the limited sample size. Further studies with long-term follow-up are needed to fully evaluate the prognostic significance of these markers.

The apoptosis and cell cycle analysis also confirmed that free and nano-formulated curcumin induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.   Overall, the results suggested that curcumin loaded in niosomal nanoparticles effectively improves the anticancer effect and could be a capable approach for treating breast cancer.

Upregulation of GLI1 and PTCH1 expression, with substantially decreased expression of SHH and SMO after the chemotherapeutic treatment may be associated with positive outcome of chemotherapy.

Our results indicated that GSTT1 null genotype was significantly associated and GSTP1 heterozygous variant genotype was negatively associated with BC risk in women of rural Maharashtra.

Both Acteoside and Plantamajoside have demonstrated promising anticancer properties by inhibiting the growth and metastasis of MCF-7 cancer cell line. These compounds induce apoptosis, modulate the PD-1 checkpoint pathway, and influence PD-L1 expression, which may indicate possible molecular mechanisms for their anticancer effects.

PINK1 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation of BRCA cells. Our study developed a novel IRS for BRCA, which could predict the clinical outcome and immunotherapy benefits of BRCA patients.

Using hG instead of nG for CPS + EG calculations may underestimate risks related to distant metastasis-free and disease-specific survival, suggesting a potential need for nG prioritization in clinical risk assessments.

Developing a framework for clinical care and treatment of patients with gestational breast cancers is integral to improving outcomes for patients with gestational breast cancers. Optimal treatment includes collaborative management with a multidisciplinary team dedicated to both maternal and fetal care.

TGF-β inhibitors present the novel therapeutic approach for the cancer therapy, highlighting the mechanism of action involved, clinical trials, challenges and exploring therapeutic opportunities. This will help to develop the novel TGF-β inhibitors as anticancer agents as well as help to resolve the problem of drug resistance by developing new drugs as anticancer agents.

Among Luminal-HER2 negative early BCs, our results do not support a clear predictive and prognostic effect of HER2 status, although a trend of worse pCR and better survival for HER2 low BCs cannot be ruled out.

Clinical risk factors, PROs, and serum cytokine levels provide complementary prognostic information for predicting severe RD in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. ML and logistic regression models demonstrated comparable performance for predicting clinically significant RD with AUC>0.70.

Integrating CR with the Ki-67 index improves prognostic accuracy and provides a cost-effective alternative to the EP test for luminal-type early breast cancer.

Methionine restriction and olaparib showed synergistic efficacy on the BRCA1-mutant TNBC cell line HCC1937. The BRCA1-mutant cell line MDA-MB-436 was most sensitive to rMETase. The BRCA1/2 wild-type TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231 was sensitive to a methionine-free medium but resistant to olaparib. Therefore, methionine restriction has clinical potential for BRCA1/2 wild-type and BRCA1-mutant olaparib-resistant and -sensitive TNBC.

Moreover, CXNP-CeBM induced photodynamic therapy to trigger immunogenic cell death while downregulating the PD-L1 level to destroy immune evasion mechanisms, thus activating immunological cascades to treat both primary and lung metastatic tumors. This study provided a multi-synergistic strategy for breast cancer immunotherapy through a multifaceted mechanism.

In a murine 4 T1 breast tumor model, MSN-EPI@CS-FA more strongly than MSN-EPI inhibited tumor growth without drug accumulation in the liver or spleen and substantial targeting of the tumor, highlighting the efficacy of folate receptor-mediated active targeting in improving therapeutic outcomes. Therefore MSN-EPI@CS-FA exhibits significant promise as a potent anticancer therapy.

Adherence to healthy lifestyle indices might prevent BC. Further research is warranted to elucidate the intricate interplay among lifestyle factors and BC risk across diverse populations and immunophenotypes.

No abstract available

This trial-level meta-analysis demonstrated a significant DFS benefit with AI vs TAM for patients with HR+/HER2- EBC, which was more pronounced in premenopausal women.

There is limited published evidence on the use of olaparib in patients harboring pathogenic variants other than breast cancer genes, like PALB2 and ATM and conditions different than those authorized such as digestive tract, neuroendocrine and lung tumors. Further research is to assess the efficacy of olaparib in these patients.

S-FN-negative patients showed treatment resistance and poor prognosis due to the high presence of EMT-induced MCCs in breast cancer.

No abstract available

These results suggest that GEF-H1/RhoA activation mediates cytoskeletal remodeling and signaling pathways critical for breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In vivo assays and human biopsy studies further support GEF-H1 as a potential biomarker of breast tumor progression.

Its binding affinity to Caspase-7 is evidently highlighted by immunofluorescence assay as well as in-silico docking study which further establishes its efficacy in elucidating apoptotic activity. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that NLB functions effectively in BC when loaded into BSA nanoparticles (NLB-BSA-NPs) in vitro.

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Inhibition of mitochondrial fission resulted in enhanced cell survival and a concomitant decrease in the autophagic markers, implying that ORM-induced autophagy depends on mitochondrial fission. Taken together, our findings bring to light a novel mechanism where Ormeloxifene targets mitochondrial dynamics to promote autophagy-associated cell death in colon cancer cells.

We proved for the first time in this research that α-Hederin exerts anti-TNBC effects through a novel IRF1/GPX4 ferroptosis pathway.

At 12-year follow-up, C9741 confirmed the sustained long-term benefit of adjuvant dose-dense chemotherapy for node-positive breast cancer. SET2,3 identified patients with ER+ breast cancer who benefited from dose-dense chemotherapy, and specifically, this benefit was predicted by low endocrine activity in the cancer, rather than tumor burden, molecular subtype, or menopausal status.

P3, N=250, Active, not recruiting, Canadian Cancer Trials Group | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Jun 2025

Hemorrhagic cystitis is a rare complication of combination chemotherapy with docetaxel (TCHP). Clinicians should be vigilant for signs and symptoms of hemorrhagic cystitis in patients receiving docetaxel and alternative treatment option should be considered.

In vitro and in silico analyses supported each other, revealing the effects of U. dioica in gene expression regulation and the potential for its constituents to interact with proteins. These findings indicate that U. dioica may be a promising alternative therapeutic agent in the treatment of obesity and obesity-related breast cancer and emphasize that its efficacy should be confirmed by clinical trials.

Overall, disafynol demonstrates significant pro-apoptotic effects on breast cancer cells by inducing oxidative stress and activating the ER stress pathway. Its hormone receptor-independent cytotoxicity suggests potential therapeutic applications for treating breast cancers, including triple-negative subtypes.

Plasma IGFBP7 may represent an age- and obesity-sensitive biomarker of increased risk of developing cancer and/or dying prematurely.

These results provide a spectrum of genomic alterations in young Chinese women and highlight different frequencies of gene variants in young Asian patients versus Western patients with breast cancer. Further research should explore the biological mechanism to provide more treatment strategies for young Asian women.

P1/2, N=50, Completed, Vastra Gotaland Region | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

P=N/A, N=487, Completed, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Mar 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Mar 2025

After cisplatin exposure in vitro, human PTCs with reduced BRCA1 had increased apoptosis, decreased RAD51 nuclear foci, and fewer cells in the G2/M cell cycle phase, with reduced IL-6 and sonic hedgehog production. Thus, BRCA1 regulates nonmalignant tissue responses to kidney injury, a role hitherto unrecognized.

In this issue of JEM, Ajay et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20231107) uncover the role of breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) in cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and cell senescence, preventing maladaptive repair.

This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors with endocrine therapy versus endocrine therapy alone in treating advanced or metastatic estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) + breast cancer...However, the incidence of adverse events was higher in the combination therapy group, notably stomatitis (p < 0.001), elevated aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase (p = 0.04), and diarrhea (p = 0.01). The combination of mTOR inhibitors with endocrine therapy offers superior efficacy with manageable toxicities in patients with advanced or metastatic ER/PR+ breast cancer.

More confirmatory studies are necessary before this new approach alters surgical practice. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02945579.

CD47 is a key regulator of BC cell proliferation and invasiveness and serves as a potential marker for assessing tumor aggressiveness and guiding therapeutic strategies.