BRCA mutation

The vertebral niche constitutes a treatment-resistant microenvironment where dormant tumor cells persist, immune surveillance is impaired, and resistant clones evolve. Integrating bone-microenvironment biology with molecular profiling, liquid biopsy, and advanced imaging is essential for refining prognostic models, guiding intervention timing, and designing spine-specific clinical trials. By reframing spinal metastases as a biologically and therapeutically distinct disease entity, this review establishes a framework for developing bone-directed treatment strategies and advancing precision oncology in metastatic spine care.

Moreover, the study enhanced the role of healthy glandular tissue in distinguishing the two groups, supporting and reinforcing previous MRI-based radiomics findings in the same population. The study concludes that radiomics analysis of diagnostic mammograms in TNBC patients is feasible and may help build predictive models to discriminate between BRCA mutated and non-mutated patients.

Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified clinical stage as an independent predictor of overall survival, with patients at stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ exhibiting poorer prognosis (HR=5.359, 95% CI: 1.124-25.546). BRCA-mutated colorectal tumors exhibit lower invasiveness, higher TMB-H rates, and abundant immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment, suggesting that patients with BRCA-mutated colorectal cancer are more likely to benefit from immunotherapy.

P=N/A, N=471, Completed, Xijing Hospital

BRCA1/2 mutation carriers were also more frequently premenopausal (78.6% vs 43.9%, P = .025).ConclusionsThere is a high prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations among TNBC patients in Vietnam. Women with TNBC in Vietnam should be screened for mutations in BRCA1/2.

Future research should focus on biomarker-driven strategies, including combinations to optimize outcomes. These insights may refine clinical guidelines, advocate for personalized treatment algorithms, and stimulate research into resistance mechanisms, ultimately improving care for BRCA-mutated BC patients.

P2, N=80, Recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Jan 2026 --> Jan 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2026 --> Jan 2027

While 52% perceived prostate cancer as a high-risk condition for men in general, only 22% viewed their own personal risk for prostate cancer as high. Most participants reported not knowing about BRCA1/2 gene mutations, and that they receive health related information from healthcare providers, therefore, primary care providers play a critical role in identifying those at risk by thorough assessment of patients' family cancer history and providing guidance for screening and surveillance.

A significant improvement in overall survival was observed in those who underwent primary cytoreductive surgery, regardless of first-line poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor maintenance. Long-term disease-free survivors (>10 years) were only identified in the primary cytoreductive surgery cohort.

Literature suggests that mucinous components in solid tumors are associated with a worse prognosis. In intrahepatic mucinous cholangiocarcinoma, surgery and chemotherapy appear to improve survival. Our case supports the potential role of LT in selected patients with early-stage tumors (e.g., pT1-pT2), even in rare or aggressive histologies. Although LT indications remain strict, selected cases of mucinous bile duct tumors with favorable profiles may benefit from transplantation. Multidisciplinary evaluation and individualized treatment strategies are essential in the era of transplant oncology.

Also, YCH3971 possessed a strong antiproliferative activity on BRCA mutant MDA-MB-436 cells with an IC50 of 2.10 nM. However, since the oral bioavailability of YCH3971 in rats is only 1.2%, we have not yet initiated in vivo efficacy studies.

P=N/A, N=58, Completed, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Jun 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Jun 2025