Bladder Cancer

P3, N=367, Active, not recruiting, CG Oncology, Inc. | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2026 --> Nov 2026

Although HER2-targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab deruxtecan, have shown promising results in HER2-positive bladder cancer, optimal immunohistochemistry (IHC) scoring criteria for urothelial carcinoma remain unclear...Upper GI and breast scoring criteria yield divergent scores in a significant subset of urothelial carcinomas, potentially affecting eligibility for targeted therapy. Associations with histologic subtype and metastatic site support disease-specific diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Although rare, villous adenoma of the bladder should be recognized due to its malignant potential and the need for close postoperative surveillance. This case report contributes to the growing body of knowledge regarding this entity in female patients.

P1, N=12, Recruiting, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: Feb 2026 --> Feb 2027

Association measurements, such as mutual information (MI), are fundamental in the analysis of cancer multi-omics data for identifying cancer-related genes, gene signatures, and gene regulatory networks, thereby shedding light on tumor development, progression, and treatment. Confounding factors, including tumor purity and mutation burden, can bias association measurements in MI, potentially leading to the misclassification of passenger events as drivers. Conditional mutual information (CMI) provides a robust framework for assessing both linear and nonlinear associations while effectively accounting for different confounding factors. An R package called conMItion is introduced to estimate CMI and its statistical significance for multi-omics data, with the flexibility to adjust for one or two confounding factors. We demonstrated the utilization of conMItion through two use cases. First, we identified interchromosomal somatic copy number alteration-expression associations in bladder cancer. Second, we identified associated cell types within the lung cancer tumor microenvironment using single-cell RNA sequencing datasets.

miR-124-3p negatively regulates PKC-δ signaling in bladder cancer cells, forming a novel miR-124-3p/PKC-δ axis that suppresses bladder cancer progression and may offer therapeutic value.

By recreating patient-specific tumor-immune interactions ex vivo, our platform enables the discovery of therapeutic targets, the evaluation of immune responses, and validation in a patient-specific context. This approach demonstrates the feasibility of bridging a major gap in translational immunotherapy research and supports the development of personalized cancer immunotherapy strategies.

P=N/A, N=0, Available, Eli Lilly and Company

P=N/A, N=2500, Recruiting, Convergent Genomics, Inc.

POU2F3 may serve as a useful marker for identifying urinary tract SmCC with absent or low neuroendocrine marker expression. Its application may improve diagnostic accuracy and facilitate recognition of a potential neuroendocrine-low phenotype.

We found out that pCR rates vary widely according to treatment regimen, patient selection, and underlying tumor biology, ranging from 5%-15% after transurethral resection alone, 25%-35% with cisplatin-based chemotherapy, and up to 40% with combination chemoimmunotherapy...In parallel, bladder-preserving strategies for carefully selected patients achieving a clinical complete response remain investigational, limited by imperfect concordance between clinical and pathologic response and requiring rigorous multimodal assessment and close follow-up. Collectively, contemporary data indicate that no single biomarker is sufficient to reliably predict pCR; rather, integrated multimodal models offer the greatest potential to refine neoadjuvant treatment selection, inform bladder preservation, and individualize surveillance while maintaining oncologic safety.

This study highlights the crucial impact of MRGs on the TME of bladder cancer and constructs a risk prediction model with moderate predictive performance that may assist in patient stratification, although further validation in independent cohorts is required.