In two clinical trials (N=192) on ND mIDH-2 AML patients, ORR was 74%-89%, CR was 54%-55%, and MLFS was 4%-11% with enasidenib + chemotherapy/azacytidine as compared to ORR of 36%, CR of 12%, and MLFS of 0% with azacytidine alone...In two clinical trials, ORR with BAY1436032 (N=27) and olutasidenib (N=123) were 15% and 46% respectively...Olutasidenib was also effective in patients with R/R mIDH-1 AML. More randomized double-blind multicenter clinical trials are needed to confirm these results.
Gliomas are the most prevalent type of brain tumor in the central nervous system. These findings are consistent with our previous study, which investigated the MRS-detectable consequences of two other mutant IDH inhibitors: AG120 and AG881. Collectively, our work identifies translatable MRS-based metabolic biomarkers of mutant IDH1 inhibition.
Several mutant IDH inhibitors are currently in clinical trials, including AG-881 and BAY-1436032. Importantly, all models demonstrated enhanced animal survival following both treatments and the metabolic alterations were observed prior to any detectable differences in tumor volume between control and treated tumors. Our study therefore identifies potential translatable early metabolic biomarkers of drug delivery, mutant IDH inhibition and glioma response to treatment with emerging clinically relevant therapies.
On the other hand, presence of IDH1R132H led to a suppression in baseline expression of key innate immune players, which could be rescued by the mutant IDH1 inhibitor, BAY-1436032...Our data indicates the presence of an interplay between IDH1 and ATRX mutations that may regulate innate signaling in gliomas. Understanding the mechanisms governing this interplay may aid in designing therapies that exploit this interplay.
This strong synergy is mediated through inhibition of MAPK/ERK and RB/E2F signaling. Our data strongly argues for the concurrent application of mIDH1 inhibitors and azacitidine and predicts improved outcome of this regimen in IDH1 mutated AML patients.