The IC50 values of predicted drugs, in the case of Tozasertib 1096 and WIKI4 1940, were significantly variant between risk groups...The study established an ARG prognosis model of ESCC. It provided a reference for the research of ARGs in ESCC.

Consistently, AURK inhibitors VX-680 (tozasertib), MLN8237 (alisertib), AZD1152-HQPA (barasertib) resulted in the upregulation of DYRK1B expression in A549 cells. In summary, our findings indicate that the expression of DYRK1A and DYRK1B is differentially regulated in cancer cells and reveal that the kinase inhibitor XMU-MP-1 increases DYRK1B expression likely through off target inhibition of Aurora kinases.

Our project suggested that the prognostic model with apoptotic features can effectively predict prognosis in CCA patients, proffering prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for CCA patients.

It was found that DGCs showed drug-induced senescent phenotype after treatment by aurora kinases inhibitors (AURKi) Barasertib-HQPA and Danusertib. The up-regulation of local MCP-1/CCL2 can interact with MCP-1/CCL2 receptor (CCR2) expressed on macrophages and suppress their innate immunity to cancer cells. Overall, the special response of DGC to AURKi suggests that clinicians should select a sequential therapy with senescent cell clearance after AURKi treatment for DGC.

It also evaluated the efficacy of the ABL TKI asciminib and the aurora kinase inhibitor LY3295668. Combining asciminib and aurora kinase inhibition enhanced the efficacy and is proposed as a new therapeutic option for patients with CML. These findings have clinical implications for a potential novel therapeutic strategy for CML patients.

We further demonstrated that combined MEK1/2 and AURKB inhibition slowed cell growth, which was phenocopied by inhibiting AURKB and ERK1/2. Finally, we show that combined AURKB and ERK1/2 inhibition induces apoptosis in BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer cell lines, together suggesting a potential combination therapy for BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer patients.

Furthermore, the combination treatment inhibits tumor growth and AKT signaling in the xenograft mouse model, increases levels of the tumor tissue oxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA), and induces DNA damage. To summarize, a potential therapeutic approach for NSCLC may involve dual inhibition of AURK and HSF1, resulting in the downregulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and the activation of ROS-mediated mitochondrial and DNA damage pathways.

The drawbacks of existing inhibitors like selectivity, drug resistance and toxicity have also been addressed. Since, majority of inhibitors are Aurora kinase inhibitor (AKI) type-1 that bind to the active (DFGin and Cin) conformation of the kinase, this information may be utilized to design highly selective kinase inhibitors that can be combined with other therapeutic agents for better clinical outcomes.

Single-cell analysis revealed that AURKB suppressed anti-tumor immunity by increasing MIF-CD74/CXCR4 signaling between tumor cells and lymphocytes. Our study suggests that AURKB is a newly identified anti-tumor immunity suppressor, whose inhibitors may be developed as novel anti-tumor immunity drugs and may have synergistic anti-melanoma effects with immune checkpoint therapies.

The reversal of the Warburg effect in BL cells and the subsequent inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis were observed by targeting Aurora A and Aurora B with AT9283. This finding may present new therapeutic options and targets for BL.

12 patients received a prior FLT3 inhibitor including midostaurin, gilteritinib or sorafenib and 8/12 patients received ≥2 prior FLT3 inhibitors. Dose optimisation cohorts are continuing to identify the RP2D. Further cohorts are planned for evaluation of EP0042 in combination with standard of care therapies.

BI-847325 showed a broader range of activity than the MEK inhibitor GDC-0623. In conclusion, dual MEK/Aurora kinase inhibition shows remarkable potential for treating multiple types of hematological and solid tumors. The combination with capecitabine was synergistic in colorectal, gastric, and mammary cancer.

High SKA3 expression led to poor prognosis in patients with HCC by enhancing HCC proliferation and repressing immune cell infiltration surrounding HCC. SKA3 may be used as a biomarker for poor prognosis and as a therapeutic target in HCC.

P2, N=12, Terminated, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Completed --> Terminated; Study terminated due to company's decision to discontinue drug development

11c displayed comparable therapeutic efficacy in an MDA-MB-231 xenograft mouse model relative to the positive control ENMD-2076, while requiring only half the dose of ENMD-2076. These results confirmed that 11c may be a promising drug candidate for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Our work may provide a new perspective on the design of covalent inhibitors of Aurora kinase.

P1/2, N=32, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

Notably, the inhibition of Aurora A kinase by shRNA knockdown and treatment with Aurora A kinase inhibitors such as Alisertib, AMG900, or AT9283 upregulated LPCAT1 mRNA and protein expression in vitro. Aurora A kinase inhibition increased LPCAT1 expression and suppressed GBM cell proliferation. The combination of Aurora kinase inhibition with LPCAT1 inhibition may exert promising synergistic effects on GBM.

The CCK-8 assay was used to determine the IC50 of the AURKA inhibitor CCT137690 in H1993 cells...AURKA, BIRC5, CCNB1, DLGAP5, KIF11, and KIF15 may be critical genes that influence the occurrence, development, and prognosis of NSCLC. AURKA significantly affects the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells by disrupting the cell cycle.

Through connective map analysis, therapeutically potential compounds like tozasertib and TPCA-1 were identified, which can be used synergistically with immunotherapy to improve the poor prognosis of patients with high TREM1 levels. Through a systematic and comprehensive pan-cancer analysis, we demonstrated that overexpression of TREM1 in tumors correlated closely with unfavorable outcome, infiltration of immune-suppressive cells, and immune regulation, which highlights its potential use as a tumor prognostic biomarker and a novel target for immunotherapy.

Low risk patients were more sensitive to small molecule drugs including Erlotinib, Sunitinib, MG-132, CGP-082996, AZ628, Sorafenib, VX-680, and Z-LLNle-CHO. Four risk genes (CALB1, CPA3, NOXA1, and TNNT1) had significant positive correlation with their methylation level, while six genes (CCL22, GPRC5B, HSPA1A, MFNG, PABPC1L, and PCOLCE2) were negatively correlated with their methylation level. This study provides novel understanding of heterogeneity in COAD from the perspective of senescence, and develops signatures for prognosis prediction in COAD.

We tested the in vivo efficacy of alisertib, an Aurora Kinase A inhibitor, in an immunocompetent mouse model (mEER) for HPV+ oropharyngeal cancers...Our proposed research will have a positive impact because we will gain insight into the immune responses underlying the co-dependency of HPV+ cancers on Aurora kinase. Our research may lead to an increase in the rates of long-term, durable clinical responses or may allow for therapy de-escalation.

Activity of the AurA-selective inhibitor, MLN8054, was also evaluated in the Eurofins Discovery BioMAP® Diversity PLUS human primary cell phenotypic profiling service to give a broader view of its biological activity. These studies demonstrate the combined value of using the OncoPanel and BioMAP platforms to determine mechanistic, functional, and broader biological activity of therapeutic candidates in relevant cellular models for a better translational understanding of potential therapeutic capabilities and accelerate decision-making.

This study sought to refine understanding of how LUX modulates the earliest steps downstream of the BCR following its activation by anti-IgM in lymphoma cells in comparison to ibrutinib (IB). These results indicate that LUX is targeting autophosphorylation of LYN or a step further upstream of LYN in the cascade of signal generated by BCR and that it does so more effectively than IB. The fact that LUX has activity at or upstream of LYN is important because LYN is an essential signaling intermediate in multiple cellular signaling processes that regulate growth, differentiation, apoptosis, immunoregulation, migration and EMT in normal and cancer cells.

We demonstrate that combination of a Bcl-2 homology (BH)3-mimetic inhibitor (ABT-737), a selective inhibitor of Bcl-xL, Bcl-2, and Bcl-w, with alisertib or danusertib potently induces apoptosis through the Bcl-2 family effector protein Bax. On the other hand, we found Alisertib treatment causes activation of caspase-2, which promotes apoptosis by cleaving Bid into tBid, a suppressor of both Bcl-xL and Mcl-1. Together, these results define the Bcl-2 protein network critically involved in AURK inhibitor-induced apoptosis, and suggest that BH3-mimetics targeting Bcl-xL may help overcome resistance to AURK inhibitors in cancer cells.

To restore CD19 surface levels, CD19-negative cells were treated with azacytidine for 48 hours in vitro and the mice were injected with azacytidine once per day for 2 weeks to confirm CD19 recovery in vivo... Our findings showed how the epigenetic landscape down-regulates the CD19 expression, which often leads to antigen escape in relapsed conditions. It also opened the possibility of using a combinational approach (by targeting epigenetic regulators) to enhance CART-cell activity by preventing/restoring CD19 antigen escape. In addition, further experiments are ongoing to investigate how CD19 activation through CAR-T cells triggers epigenetic regulation and the role of Aurora kinases in this process.

The results of the present study suggest that BI-857,325 might be an effective multi-targeted anticancer drug for ATC treatment.

Hierarchical clustering of cell fitness profiles reveals that these compounds cluster with each other, rather than with known AURK inhibitors such as AMG900 and VX-680. The discovery and optimization of compounds that disrupt AURKB localization are successfully facilitated by MIPS. Our findings suggest that 2-phenoxy-3, 4'-bipyridine derivatives have the potential to be further developed as effective therapeutics for the treatment of malignancy by delocalizing AURKB.

Luxeptinib suppresses additional signaling pathways in AML cells (CSF1R, PDGFRα, TRK, SYK, BTK, LYN, AKT, ERK, MAPK), kills primary AML cells insensitive to other FLT3 inhibitors at pM and low nM concentrations, and shows enhanced activity in combination with venetoclax...At 450 mg BID, one heavily pretreated AML patient (received 8 prior regimens including alloSCT and FLT3 inhibitors gilteritinib and crenolanib) had a 99% reduction in peripheral blasts (6.4x103/µL at C1D1 to 0.1x103/µL at C1D15), though the blast proportion increased during Cycle 2... As of July 8, 2022, luxeptinib is well tolerated at dose levels of 450, 600, 750, and 900 mg BID over multiple cycles without evidence of having reached the MTD. Luxeptinib in heavily pretreated relapsed FLT3-ITD AML patients has shown anti-tumor activity including a durable, MRD negative CR. Enrollment of patients with R/R AML is ongoing and updated clinical data with the G3 formulation will be presented at the meeting.

EP0042 has resulted in inhibition of tumor growth in FLT3-ITD and FLT3-ITD-TKD human tumor xenograft models and in quizartinib-resistant primary AML samples (Moore A et al...5 pts received a prior FLT3 inhibitor including midostaurin, gilteritinib or sorafenib...The dose escalation is continuing at intermittent and continuous dosing to establish the MTD and optimal RP2D dose for further evaluation. Once a RP2D is confirmed, a single arm dose expansion is planned in FLT3 mutated and wild type R/R AML, and the combination of EP0042 with other agents will be explored.

Luxeptinib kills malignant B-cells insensitive to ibrutinib or venetoclax with concentrations in the nanomolar range and shows enhanced activity in combination with venetoclax. Luxeptinib has a favorable safety profile in patients treated with 150 mg to 900 mg BID over multiple cycles. Antitumor activity was observed in multiple B-NHL subtypes and CLL/SLL patients post ibrutinib relapse. Enrollment of additional patients at dose level 6 (900 mg) is ongoing while the more bioavailable G3 formulation is being explored.

The colony-forming ability of primary JMML cells was completely inhibited under treatment of GSK1070916 (500 nM). In conclusion, aurora kinase B can be used as a promising therapeutic target for SHP2-mutant JMML patients, and the aurora kinase B/C inhibitor GSK1070916 could be a candidate for the treatment of JMML.

Danusertib treatment led to apoptosis of EBV-transformed B-cells through ER stress-associated proteins and mitochondrial caspase activation. These results suggest that aurora kinases may be valuable targets for potential therapeutic agents against EBV-associated carcinoma.

Our data support a model in which HPV-positive cancer cells maintain a balance of MAD2L1 and TRIP13 to allow mitotic exit and survival in the absence of RB. Because it does not affect cells with intact RB function, this novel combination may have a wide therapeutic window, enabling the effective treatment of RB-deficient cancers.

No abstract available

CG-806 further significantly reduced AML burden and extended survival in an in vivo PDX leukemia murine model of FLT3 inhibitorresistant FLT3-ITD/TKD double mutant primary AML. Taken together, CG-806 exerts a unique mechanistic action and pre-clinical activity, suggesting further development in FLT3 wild-type and mutant AML.

Finally, we proposed 16 candidate repurposing drugs YM201636, masitinib, SB590885, GSK1070916, GSK2126458, ZSTK474, dasatinib, fedratinib, dabrafenib, methotrexate, trametinib, tubastatin A, BIX02189, CP466722, afatinib, and belinostat for BC through molecular docking analysis. Using BC cell lines, we validated that masitinib inhibits the mTOR signaling pathway and induces apoptotic cell death. Therefore, the proposed results might play an effective role in the treatment of BC patients.

We demonstrated that using HTS can considerably shorten drug discovery time scales, leading to the identification of promising lead compounds. Our study is the first to provide preclinical evidence of the antileukemic activity of AURKAi, with particular focus on NPM1-mutated AML.

In the validation assay, 2 compounds (MK-5108 and MK-8745) were confi rmed as more active against NPM1-mutated than NPM1–wild-type AML cells by either CyQUANT or apoptosis assay. Strikingly, we confi rmed selectivity for two additional AURKAi (Alisertib and ENMD-2076, both isoform-selective inhibitors of AURKA) that were not included in the screening library... We demonstrated that using HTS can considerably shorten drug discovery time scales, leading to the identifi cation of promising lead compounds. Our study is the fi rst to provide preclinical evidence of the antileukemic activity of AURKAi, with particular focus on NPM1-mutated AML.

It has also been studied in combination with idelalisib or entospletinib in CLL and other B-cell lymphomas though without clear benefi t for the combinations over monotherapy16,17. Tirabrutinib is approved in Japan for WM, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL), and RRPCNSL, and in South Korea for RR-PCNSL18. TG-1701 is a selective covalent BTKi that has been studied as a monotherapy and in combination with ublituximab and umbralisib with preliminary results suggesting both effi cacy and manageable safety19. Orelabrutinib, another selective covalent BTKi, has been studied as a monotherapy in CLL in addition to other B-cell malignancies, also with favorable safety and effi cacy20,21 and it is approved in China for rel/ref CLL and MCL22. Finally, DTRMWXHS-12 is a covalent BTKi that uniquely is being studied in combination with everolimus and pomalidomide (triplet referred to as DTRM-555), given that this combination was determined to lead to synthetic lethality in both in vivo and in vitro screening studies, with safety and activity seen in early studies23,24...This resistance mechanism appears shared among available irreversible BTK inhibitors including ibrutinib, acalabrutinib and zanubrutinib26...Three such inhibitors have completed phase 1 studies in CLL: vecabrutinib, nemtabrutinib, and pirtobrutinib with another currently in phase 1, luxeptinib...Subsequently, pirtobrutinib is being further studied as both a monotherapy and in combination with venetoclax-rituximab in phase 3 trials in both the frontline and relapsed/refractory settings in CLL in addition to MCL...These non-C481 BTK mutations conferred resistance across multiple non-covalent BTKi’s (in addition to pirtobrutinib, vecabrutinib, nemtabrutinib and fenebrutinib were tested) in addition to variable levels of resistance to covalent BTKi’s36...This is being accomplished by improved tolerability, allowing for patients to stay on drug for longer, and potentially improved effi cacy, including activity despite acquisition of C481 resistance mutations, in the case of the non-covalent inhibitors. The non-covalent inhibitors would help fi ll a major area of unmet need for CLL patients progressing on covalent BTK inhibitors who are not candidates for or progress following venetoclax therapy.

Especially, we predicted specific drugs for SBA based on differential gene expression signatures between malignant cells and normal epithelial cells of SBA, and verified more potent inhibitory effects of volasertib and tozasertib for SBA cancer cells than conventional drugs of SBA at the same concentration, which provides new clues for treatments of SBA. In summary, our study provides a blueprint of the molecular signatures of both tumor cells and tumor microenvironment cells in SBA and reveals potential targets and drug candidates for its clinical treatments.

Taken together, the present study demonstrates that oxostephanine plays dual roles in inhibiting Aurora kinase activity and angiogenesis. Thus, it may have potential for use as a drug in cancer treatment.