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    CANCER:

    Anaplastic Astrocytoma

    Related cancers:
    5d
    Prognostic Value of ATRX and p53 Status in High-Grade Glioma Patients in Morocco. (PubMed, Cureus)
    The clinical value of IDH and ATRX mutations in prognostic assessment was confirmed (p ≤0.05). The overexpression of p53 had no significant impact on OS (p = 0.726). Therefore, p53 alone cannot predict survival in glioblastoma patients. Based on the results, these biomarkers may be a potential therapeutic target to prolong patient survival, hence the need for further investigations.
    Journal
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    TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1) • ATRX (ATRX Chromatin Remodeler)
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    TP53 mutation • IDH1 mutation • TP53 wild-type • ATRX mutation • IDH1 R132H • TP53 overexpression • IDH1 R132
    5d
    BMX-HGG: Trial of Newly Diagnosed High Grade Glioma Treated With Concurrent Radiation Therapy, Temozolomide and BMX-001 (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=160, Active, not recruiting, BioMimetix JV, LLC | Trial completion date: Jul 2024 --> Dec 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2024 --> Aug 2023
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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    temozolomide • BMX-001
    11d
    Study of Ribociclib and Everolimus in HGG and DIPG (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=100, Not yet recruiting, Nationwide Children's Hospital | Trial completion date: Jan 2034 --> May 2034 | Initiation date: Jan 2024 --> May 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2028 --> May 2028
    Trial completion date • Trial initiation date • Trial primary completion date
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    PIK3CA (Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) • RB1 (RB Transcriptional Corepressor 1) • CCND1 (Cyclin D1) • CDK4 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 4) • CDKN2B (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2B) • PIK3R1 (Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase Regulatory Subunit 1) • CDK6 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 6) • CCND2 (Cyclin D2) • CDKN2C (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2C)
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    PIK3CA mutation • PTEN mutation • CDKN2A deletion • PIK3CA amplification • CCND1 amplification • CDK4 amplification • PIK3R1 mutation
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    everolimus • Kisqali (ribociclib)
    11d
    Targeted Pediatric High-Grade Glioma Therapy (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P=N/A, N=450, Not yet recruiting, Nationwide Children's Hospital | Trial completion date: Jan 2034 --> May 2034 | Initiation date: Jan 2024 --> May 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2029 --> May 2029
    Trial completion date • Trial initiation date • Trial primary completion date
    13d
    Clinical roles of EGFR amplification in diffuse gliomas: a real-world study using the 2021 WHO classification of CNS tumors. (PubMed, Front Neurosci)
    EGFR Amp did not stratify overall survival (OS) in IDH-mutant diffuse gliomas and astrocytoma, while was significantly associated with poorer OS in IDH-wildtype diffuse gliomas, histologic grade 2 and 3 IDH-wildtype diffuse astrocytic gliomas and GBM. Our study validated EGFR Amp as a diagnostic marker for GBM and still a useful predictor for shortened OS in this group.
    Journal • Real-world evidence • Real-world
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    EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor)
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    EGFR amplification • IDH wild-type
    18d
    TCaP: T Cells and Pembrolizumab for Recurrent and Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1/2, N=58, Recruiting, Queensland Institute of Medical Research | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2026 --> Apr 2026
    Enrollment open • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy • Virus specific T cells
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    Keytruda (pembrolizumab)
    21d
    Glioblastoma, IDH-Wildtype With Epithelioid Morphology and a BCR::NTRK2 Fusion. (PubMed, Int J Surg Pathol)
    Recent approval of the TRK inhibitor larotrectinib by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has brought interest in the study and recognition of NTRK fusions in multiple types of tumors. Trials that assess the response to this drug in cancers carrying NTRK fusions have yielded favorable results. We discuss a rare presentation of an adult-type GBM with epithelioid morphology and a BCR::NTRK2 gene fusion.
    Journal
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    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NTRK2 (Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2) • NTRK (Neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase)
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    BRAF V600E • BRAF V600 • NTRK2 fusion • IDH wild-type • NTRK fusion
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    Vitrakvi (larotrectinib)
    22d
    RAF inhibitor re-challenge therapy in BRAF-aberrant pan-cancers: the RE-RAFFLE study. (PubMed, Mol Cancer)
    The median OS from retreatment with RAF-2i was 15.5 months (11.1-30.8 m). Further prospective studies are needed to validate these results and expand targeted therapy options for RAF-aberrant cancers.
    Observational data • Retrospective data • Journal • Pan tumor
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    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
    27d
    Lorlatinib for Newly-Diagnosed High-Grade Glioma With ROS or ALK Fusion (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=15, Not yet recruiting, Nationwide Children's Hospital
    New P1 trial
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    ALK fusion • ROS1 fusion
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    carboplatin • Lorbrena (lorlatinib) • cyclophosphamide
    27d
    Proton Radiation Therapy for Gliomas (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P=N/A, N=63, Active, not recruiting, Massachusetts General Hospital | Unknown status --> Active, not recruiting | Phase classification: P2 --> PN/A | Trial completion date: Aug 2022 --> Nov 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2021 --> May 2025
    Enrollment closed • Phase classification • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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    IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1)
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    IDH1 mutation
    1m
    NRG-BN005: Proton Beam or Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy in Preserving Brain Function in Patients With IDH Mutant Grade II or III Glioma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=148, Active, not recruiting, NRG Oncology | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
    Enrollment closed
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    temozolomide
    1m
    Multiple Doses of Neural Stem Cell Virotherapy (NSC-CRAd-S-pk7) for the Treatment of Recurrent High-Grade Gliomas (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=36, Recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Aug 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Aug 2025
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Oncolytic virus
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    CLD-101
    1m
    A Study of the Drug Selinexor With Radiation Therapy in Patients With Newly-Diagnosed Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine (DIPG) Glioma and High-Grade Glioma (HGG) (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1/2, N=210, Suspended, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Recruiting --> Suspended
    Trial suspension
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    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1)
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    BRAF mutation • BRAF V600 • IDH1 mutation
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    Xpovio (selinexor)
    2ms
    Frequency of IDH1 mutation in adult-type diffuse astrocytic gliomas in a tertiary hospital in Kenya. (PubMed, Front Med (Lausanne))
    Approximately half of the gliomas were positive for the IDH1 mutation, with a slight male predominance. Our study provides crucial insights into the frequency of IDH1 mutations in gliomas in Kenya.
    Journal
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    IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1)
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    IDH1 mutation
    2ms
    Molecular GBM versus Histopathological GBM: Radiology-Pathology-Genetic Correlation and the New WHO 2021 Definition of Glioblastoma. (PubMed, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol)
    Despite at an early stage, there is active ongoing research on the unique MRI features of molecular GBM. This paper highlights the differences between "molecular" and "histopathological" GBM, with the aim of providing a basic understanding about these changes.ABBREVIATIONS: GBM=Glioblastoma; TERT=telomerase reverse transcriptase; EGFR=epidermal growth factor receptor; MGMT= methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase; NGS= next-generation sequencing; IDH= isocitrate dehydrogenase.
    Journal
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    EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase)
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    EGFR mutation • EGFR amplification • TERT mutation • IDH wild-type • TERT promoter mutation
    2ms
    IDH1 and OCT4 in High Grade Astrocytoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P=N/A, N=35, Not yet recruiting, Assiut University | Initiation date: Jan 2024 --> May 2024
    Trial initiation date
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    IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1) • POU5F1 (POU Class 5 Homeobox 1)
    2ms
    MGMT unmethylation and high levels of CD47 and TIGIT indicate a poor prognosis in adult diffuse gliomas. (PubMed, Front Immunol)
    Collectively, these results showed that the MGMT unmethylation and high levels of CD47 and TIGIT are associated with a poor prognosis in ADG. Patients with high CD47 and TIGIT expression may benefit from anti-CD47 and TIGIT immunotherapy.
    Journal • IO biomarker
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    MGMT (6-O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase) • TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase) • CD47 (CD47 Molecule) • TIGIT (T Cell Immunoreceptor With Ig And ITIM Domains 2)
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    MGMT unmethylation • CD47 overexpression • TERT mutation • CD47 expression • TIGIT expression
    2ms
    A multi-institutional phase I study of acetazolamide with temozolomide in adults with newly diagnosed MGMT-methylated malignant glioma. (PubMed, Neurooncol Adv)
    Survival results compare favorably to historical data from randomized trials in patients with MGMT promoter-methylated GBM and support examination of acetazolamide in a randomized trial. BCL-3 expression is a potential biomarker for prognosis in GBM or for patients more likely to benefit from TMZ.
    P1 data • Journal
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    MGMT (6-O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase) • BCL3 (BCL3 Transcription Coactivator)
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    IDH wild-type
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    temozolomide • acetazolamide
    2ms
    Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Intracranial Glioma in Patients Under 22 Years of Age (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1/2, N=20, Recruiting, University of Miami | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting
    Enrollment open
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    Avastin (bevacizumab) • Erbitux (cetuximab)
    2ms
    MSC-DNX-2401 in Treating Patients With Recurrent High-Grade Glioma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=36, Recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Sep 2023 --> Sep 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2023 --> Sep 2027
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Oncolytic virus
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    IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1)
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    IDH wild-type
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    tasadenoturev (DNX-2401)
    2ms
    Vorinostat, Temozolomide, or Bevacizumab in Combination With Radiation Therapy Followed by Bevacizumab and Temozolomide in Young Patients With Newly Diagnosed High-Grade Glioma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2/3, N=101, Completed, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2016 --> Jun 2023
    Trial completion • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy
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    Avastin (bevacizumab) • temozolomide • Zolinza (vorinostat) • Vegzelma (bevacizumab-adcd) • Avzivi (bevacizumab-tnjn)
    2ms
    A Biomarker-Guided Phase 2 Study of DB107-Retroviral Replicating Vector (RRV) Combined With DB107-Flucytosine (FC) Extended-Release Tablets (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=33, Not yet recruiting, Ashish Shah
    New P2 trial
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    vocimagene amiretrorepvec/extended release flucytosine (DB107)
    2ms
    Testing the Anti-cancer Drug Erdafitinib for Brain Cancers That Have Returned or Progressed Following Treatment (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=35, Recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Initiation date: Jul 2024 --> Jan 2024
    Trial initiation date
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    FGFR fusion • IDH wild-type
    |
    Balversa (erdafitinib)
    2ms
    Adaptive Radiotherapy and MRIs Based on Patients With Newly Diagnosed High-Grade Glioma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P=N/A, N=20, Recruiting, Columbia University | Initiation date: Nov 2023 --> Jan 2024
    Trial initiation date • MRI
    2ms
    A Study of Debio 0123 in Combination With Temozolomide in Adult Participants With Recurrent or Progressive Glioblastoma and of Debio 0123 in Combination With Temozolomide and Radiotherapy in Adult Participants With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1/2, N=120, Recruiting, Debiopharm International SA | N=89 --> 120 | Trial completion date: Mar 2028 --> Sep 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2025 --> Sep 2028
    Enrollment change • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date • Combination therapy
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    IDH wild-type
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    temozolomide • Debio 0123
    2ms
    EIF4A3 targeted therapeutic intervention in glioblastoma multiforme using phytochemicals from Indian medicinal plants - an integration of phytotherapy into precision onco-medicine. (PubMed, J Biomol Struct Dyn)
    Furthermore, we have verified the interaction stability of the lead molecules with EIF4A3 using MD simulations. Thus, the present study offers an opportunity to develop drug candidates targeting glioblastoma caused by EIF4A3 over-expression, integrating phytotherapy into precision oncology to create tailored and precise natural treatment strategies for cancer.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
    Journal
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    MMP9 (Matrix metallopeptidase 9) • EIF4A3 (Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4A3)
    3ms
    Treatment outcome of IDH1/2 wildtype CNS WHO grade 4 glioma histologically diagnosed as WHO grade II or III astrocytomas. (PubMed, J Neurooncol)
    WHO grade 2 and 3 IDH1/2 wt astrocytomas, treated according to the same treatment protocols, have a similar OS. Age, extent of resection, and strong EGFR expression were the most important treatment related prognostic factors.
    Journal
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    EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1) • IDH2 (Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2) • MGMT (6-O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase) • TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase)
    |
    EGFR amplification • EGFR expression • MGMT promoter methylation • TERT mutation • IDH wild-type
    3ms
    Surgical Nivolumab And Ipilimumab For Recurrent GBM (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=63, Active, not recruiting, Patrick Wen, MD | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
    Enrollment closed
    |
    IDH wild-type
    |
    Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab)
    3ms
    Olaparib in Treating Patients With Advanced Glioma, Cholangiocarcinoma, or Solid Tumors With IDH1 or IDH2 Mutations (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=145, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
    Enrollment closed
    |
    IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1) • IDH2 (Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2)
    |
    IDH2 mutation • IDH1 R132H • IDH2 R172K • IDH1 R132C • IDH1 R132 • IDH1 R132G • IDH2 R140Q • IDH1 R132L • IDH1 R132S • IDH1 R132V • IDH2 R172 • IDH2 R172G
    |
    Lynparza (olaparib)
    3ms
    GlioPredictor: a deep learning model for identification of high-risk adult IDH-mutant glioma towards adjuvant treatment planning. (PubMed, Sci Rep)
    The current version of GlioPredictor mainly incorporated clinically often tested genetic biomarkers. Considering complexity of clinical and genetic features that correlate with glioma progression, future derivatives of GlioPredictor incorporating more inputs can be a potential supplement for adjuvant radiotherapy patient selection of IDH-mutant glioma patients.
    Journal
    |
    EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1) • CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) • ATRX (ATRX Chromatin Remodeler)
    |
    TP53 mutation • EGFR mutation • IDH1 mutation • PTEN mutation • CDKN2A mutation • IDH wild-type
    3ms
    Furanocoumarins as Enhancers of Antitumor Potential of Sorafenib and LY294002 toward Human Glioma Cells In Vitro. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci)
    In both anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma, imperatorin was the most effective in induction apoptosis. Furthermore, the usage of imperatorin, alone and in combination with sorafenib or LY294002, decreased the migratory potential of MOGGCCM and T98G cells.
    Preclinical • Journal
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    CASP3 (Caspase 3) • BECN1 (Beclin 1)
    |
    sorafenib • LY294002
    3ms
    CDKN2A/B deletion in IDH-mutant astrocytomas: An evaluation by Fluorescence in-situ hybridization. (PubMed, J Neurooncol)
    CDKN2A/B-deletion was observed across all the histological grades of IDH-mutant astrocytic tumours, expectedly more in the higher grade. FISH, as a method, can be used for the detection of CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion, when there is concordant interpretation.
    Journal
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    CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) • CDKN2B (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2B)
    |
    CDKN2A deletion • CDKN2A mutation
    3ms
    Phase I study targeting newly diagnosed grade 4 astrocytoma with bispecific antibody armed T cells (EGFR BATs) in combination with radiation and temozolomide. (PubMed, J Neurooncol)
    Targeting AG4 with EGFR BATs at the maximum feasible dose of 80 × 10, with or without TMZ was safe and induced significant anti-tumor-specific immune responses. These results support further clinical trials to examine the efficacy of this adoptive cell therapy in patients with MGMT-unmethylated GBM.
    P1 data • Journal • Combination therapy
    |
    EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • MGMT (6-O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase) • IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • IL2 (Interleukin 2) • CSF2 (Colony stimulating factor 2)
    |
    temozolomide
    3ms
    Repeated Super-selective Intraarterial Cerebral Infusion of Bevacizumab (Avastin) for Treatment of Relapsed GBM and AA (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1/2, N=54, Recruiting, Northwell Health | Trial completion date: Oct 2024 --> Oct 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2023 --> Oct 2025
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab)
    3ms
    Repeated Super-selective Intraarterial Cerebral Infusion Of Bevacizumab Plus Carboplatin For Treatment Of Relapsed/Refractory GBM And Anaplastic Astrocytoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1/2, N=54, Suspended, Northwell Health | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2025
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    Avastin (bevacizumab) • carboplatin
    3ms
    Survival Analysis and Correlates with Molecular Epidemiology: 10-Year Retrospective Series of High-Grade Glioma in Pakistan. (PubMed, J Cancer Allied Spec)
    265 patients within the cohort completed postoperative radiotherapy, while 141 patients underwent chemotherapy (procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine, or temozolomide). Of particular importance, molecular sub-classification significantly predicted survival outcomes for IDH, ATRX, and 1p19 co-deletion mutations. Expanding brain tumor epidemiology will benefit assessing the efficacy of regional oncological centers and establishing standards of care.
    Retrospective data • Journal
    |
    ATRX (ATRX Chromatin Remodeler)
    |
    ATRX mutation • IDH wild-type
    |
    temozolomide • vincristine • lomustine • Matulane (procarbazine hydrochloride)
    3ms
    Clinicopathological and Molecular Characteristics of IDH-Wildtype Glioblastoma with FGFR3::TACC3 Fusion. (PubMed, Biomedicines)
    Our observations suggest that F3T3-positive GBM is a distinct molecular subgroup of the IDH-wildtype GBM. Both clinicians and pathologists should consider this rare entity in the differential diagnosis of diffuse astrocytic glioma to make an accurate diagnosis and to ensure appropriate therapeutic management.
    Journal
    |
    EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • FGFR3 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3) • CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) • PDGFRA (Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha) • TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase) • TACC3 (Transforming acidic coiled-coil containing protein 3) • MDM2 (E3 ubiquitin protein ligase) • CDK4 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 4) • CDKN2B (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2B)
    |
    TP53 mutation • EGFR mutation • EGFR amplification • PTEN mutation • MDM2 amplification • CDKN2A deletion • CDKN2A mutation • CDK4 amplification • FGFR3 fusion • TERT mutation • IDH wild-type • TERT promoter mutation • CDK4 mutation
    3ms
    Surgical Nivolumab And Ipilimumab For Recurrent GBM (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=60, Recruiting, Patrick Wen, MD | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Jun 2024
    Trial primary completion date
    |
    IDH wild-type
    |
    Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab)
    3ms
    IDH1 and OCT4 in High Grade Astrocytoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P=N/A, N=35, Not yet recruiting, Assiut University
    New trial
    |
    IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1) • POU5F1 (POU Class 5 Homeobox 1)
    3ms
    Re-Administration of C134 in Patients With Recurrent GBM (C134-HSV-1) (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=12, Not yet recruiting, University of Alabama at Birmingham | Initiation date: Jan 2024 --> Aug 2025
    Trial initiation date
    3ms
    HSV G207 Alone or With a Single Radiation Dose in Children With Progressive or Recurrent Supratentorial Brain Tumors (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=13, Completed, Gregory K. Friedman, MD | Active, not recruiting --> Completed
    Trial completion
    |
    HSV G207
    3ms
    Study of Pembrolizumab and M032 (NSC 733972) (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1/2, N=28, Recruiting, University of Alabama at Birmingham | Trial completion date: Mar 2025 --> Mar 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2024 --> Mar 2027
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    Keytruda (pembrolizumab)