Anaplastic Astrocytoma

P1, N=68, Recruiting, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Oct 2027 --> Feb 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2024 --> Feb 2025

P1, N=59, Active, not recruiting, Children's Oncology Group | Trial completion date: Sep 2024 --> Sep 2025

In the early postoperative period, two patients had motor aphasia and hemiparesis, which further regressed. The results of a small group of patients allow to consider sPDT with 5-ALA as a promising technique to treat patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas in functionally relevant brain areas and require further prospective assessment.

P1, N=13, Active, not recruiting, Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium | Trial completion date: Jun 2024 --> Mar 2025

P1, N=40, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2025

P2, N=38, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Sep 2024 --> Oct 2025

P2, N=60, Not yet recruiting, Rigel Pharmaceuticals | Initiation date: Jun 2024 --> Nov 2024

P1, N=29, Completed, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Oct 2025 --> Oct 2024

P1, N=29, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Oct 2024 --> Oct 2025

The glioblastoma in this Cane Corso had epithelioid morphology with histological features of malignancy including high mitotic count, microvascular proliferation, serpentine necrosis and subventricular zone involvement. Epithelioid glioblastoma is a rare subtype that has only relatively recently been formally acknowledged in human medicine and it can also pose a diagnostic challenge in veterinary medicine.

P2, N=145, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Jul 2024 --> Jul 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2024 --> Jul 2025

These findings underscore the severe prognostic impact of CDKN2A/B deletion in IDH-mutant astrocytomas and highlight the need for further refinement of tumor prognostic categorization. Our results provide a key benchmark of baseline patient outcomes for therapeutic trials, underscoring the importance of CDKN2A/B status assessment, in addition to histologic grading, in clinical trial design and therapeutic decision-making for IDH-mutant astrocytoma patients.

Our results demonstrate the diverse histological and molecular characteristics of TG distinct from other LrGGs. Given the heterogeneous pathological background and the risk of pathological progression in TG, we emphasize the importance of comprehensive diagnosis, including molecular evaluation.

It is suggested that higher expression levels of CREBBP and EP300 are positively associated with increased tumor volume. Inhibition of CREBBP and EP300 enhances local immunogenicity, leading to the recruitment of immune cells and release of cytokines for effective tumor eradication, ultimately resulting in the inhibition of tumor growth.

P1, N=29, Active, not recruiting, University of Alabama at Birmingham | Trial completion date: Sep 2024 --> Sep 2025

P1/2, N=182, Recruiting, Institute of Cancer Research, United Kingdom

P1, N=30, Active, not recruiting, Northwestern University | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

The recent trends indicate that there are various monoclonal antibodies and peptide-based vaccines that can be utilized to overcome the immune evasion technique harbored by GBM cells. A strategic development of Immunotherapy considering these hallmarks of immune evasion may help in designing a therapy that may prove to be effective in killing the GBM cells thereby, improving the overall survival of GBM-affected patients.

In addition, the combination of compounds induced apoptosis. New combination of compounds shows a high pro-apoptotic potential and also inhibits the migration of gliomas cells.

P2, N=100, Recruiting, Nationwide Children's Hospital | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

Infantile high-grade glioma should be regarded as a unique tumor entity and a multidisciplinary approach is paramount in improving survival for this group of patients.

TTF for WHO grade 4 astrocytoma patients is an independent predictor for OS. QoL between the groups was similar, and overall QoL over time for TTF patients was not affected. TTF is a novel and effective outpatient treatment with minimal adverse effects.

P=N/A, N=80, Completed, Erasmus Medical Center | Recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: May 2026 --> Jun 2024

P2, N=40, Recruiting, Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P=N/A, N=450, Recruiting, Nationwide Children's Hospital | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

In addition, NS1643 treatment also resulted in a reduction of the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and SMA-560 cell migration. When combined with temozolomide, an additive impact was observed, suggesting that NS1643 may be a suitable adjuvant to temozolomide and limit the invasiveness of glioma.

P2, N=24, Completed, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | N=60 --> 24 | Trial completion date: Jan 2026 --> Aug 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2025 --> Aug 2024

P=N/A, N=200, Recruiting, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center | Trial completion date: May 2024 --> May 2025 | Trial primary completion date: May 2024 --> May 2025

VEGFA contributed to tumor property of GBM cells by promoting MDSC differentiation and TGF-β1 secretion by MDSCs, providing potential targets for GBM treatment.

P1, N=19, Active, not recruiting, University of Alabama at Birmingham | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Sep 2025 --> Sep 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2024 --> Apr 2025

Our results suggest that macrophage-derived PGRN is pivotal for fostering malignant transformations within the tumor microenvironment.

This case, in addition to considering NF1 as one of the ocular conditions associated with secondary RRAT, underlines the importance of early referral and continuous ophthalmological follow-up in preventing possible complications that could cause significant visual impairment in patients with NF1.

P2, N=25, Recruiting, Mayo Clinic | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

A combination of DCE-MRI and DKI parameters revealed the best prediction of HGG vs. LGG (AUC = 0.954 (0.900-1.000)), IDH1/2 wildtype vs. mutated gliomas (AUC = 0.802 (0.702-0.903)), and astrocytomas/glioblastomas vs. oligodendrogliomas (AUC = 0.806 (0.700-0.912)) with the lowest Akaike information criterion. The combination of DCE-MRI and DKI seems helpful in predicting glioma types according to the 2021 World Health Organization's (WHO) classification.

P2, N=6, Terminated, Washington University School of Medicine | N=12 --> 6 | Recruiting --> Terminated; Low accruals and competing clinical trials

P=N/A, N=35, Recruiting, Assiut University | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: Apr 2025 --> Aug 2025 | Initiation date: May 2024 --> Sep 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2025 --> May 2025

P1, N=30, Recruiting, Northwestern University | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P1/2, N=58, Recruiting, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute

Finally, HIF-1α/VEGF immunophenotypes can reflect GBM treatment efficacy, including combined first-line treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors, thimerosal, or an active metabolite of irinotecan, as well as STAT3 inhibitors alone, and resulting in a favorable tumor prognosis and patient survival...Data limitations may include the use of less sensitive detection methods in some cases. Overall, our data support HIF-1α/VEGF's role as biomarkers of GBM prognosis and treatment efficacy.

We provide transcriptomic and cellular evidence that mutant IDH is associated with a quantitative reduction of suppressive myeloid cells in gliomas and that introduction of the mutant enzyme is sufficient to result in corresponding cellular changes using an in vivo preclinical model. These data advance our understanding of high-grade gliomas by identifying key myeloid cell populations that are reprogrammed by mutant-IDH and may be targetable through therapeutic approaches.

P1, N=63, Active, not recruiting, Patrick Wen, MD | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2024 --> Dec 2024

This underscores the importance of circadian clock genes in astrocytic tumor progression and highlights their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Further research is needed to validate these results and explore their clinical implications.