AGR3 (Anterior Gradient 3, Protein Disulphide Isomerase Family Member)

Our findings underscore the prognostic value of the identified genes and the immunosuppressive TME in TP53-mutant breast cancer. The identification of drug candidates with strong binding affinities to key proteins provides promising avenues for targeted therapy in this high-risk patient population.

The biological and biochemical functions of ERp44, AGR2, and AGR3 are discussed, highlighting the role of ERp44 in two mechanisms of protein folding quality control, AGR2 as a selective sensor of mucin protein misfolding, and a unique role for AGR3 in cilia. Finally, we discuss recent efforts to develop small molecule inhibitors of ERp44, AGR2, and AGR3 as tool compounds and experimental therapeutics.

We have established a robust protein-related signature capable of accurately forecasting prognosis as well as immunotherapy outcomes for NPC patients. Moreover, DUSP14 emerged as a potential therapeutic target due to its strong association with patient prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

 The AGR3 protein may be a biomarker for the early detection of breast cancer and predict prognosis in luminal subtypes. In addition, in patients with low and intermediate histological grades, AGR3 protein expression may indicate an unfavorable prognosis in relation to survival.

Our study provides new molecular perspectives on PCa metastasis. The signature genes and pathways could be served as potential therapeutic targets for metastasis or cancer progression.

Over-expression of AGR3 was significantly associated with tumor progression and poor survival of GC patients. Therefore, AGR3 may be a novel biomarker and prognostic factor for GC.

In this review, we summarize the already known roles and mechanisms of action of the AGR family proteins in digestive diseases, their expression in the healthy digestive tract, and in digestive oncology. At last, we discuss the potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications underlying the biology of AGR proteins.

As a result, our study suggested that hsa-miR-520g-3p, hsa-miR-520h, and TFF1 might have significant potential values for AR-positive TNBC diagnosis and prognosis prediction. TFF1, hsa-miR-520g-3, and hsa-miR-520h may serve as the novel therapeutic targets, and our findings offer further insights into the therapy of AR-positive TNBC.