AFP (Alpha-fetoprotein)

Question The sensitivities of Western and Eastern guidelines for hepatocellular carcinoma ≤ 30 mm are still insufficient on extracellular contrast agent-enhanced MRI and gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI. Findings The use of the integrated "T2 + F/A" diagnostic criterion significantly improved the sensitivity of Western and Eastern guidelines for HCCs ≤ 30 mm on both ECA-MRI and EOB-MRI. Clinical relevance Addressing a critical gap in noninvasive small HCC diagnosis protocols in Western and Eastern guidelines across multiple MRI contrast agents. By enabling more accurate MRI diagnosis of HCCs ≤ 30 mm, our findings could increase patients receiving curative treatments at the early stage, potentially improving outcomes.

AFP may train dendritic cells to promote differentiation of naïve T-cells to regulatory T-cells in the tumor microenvironment, which protects the tumor from adaptive immune responses. Therefore, combination therapy involving an AFP-targeted drug and an immune checkpoint inhibitor may be a viable treatment strategy for AFP-positive fetal lung adenocarcinoma.

The PNI, LVI, TNM stage, ALB, CA19-9, age, and CEA were identified as independent perioperative risk factors for long-term survival in gastric cancer patients undergoing gastrectomy. The PNI is an independent factor influencing both short-term complications and long-term survival.

Serial chest radiographs showed continued improvement at six months and complete resolution at eight months, after which ATT was stopped. This case emphasizes that TB should remain in the differential diagnosis for necrotic anterior mediastinal masses in endemic settings and highlights the value of early tissue diagnosis to avoid unnecessary oncologic therapy or surgery.

The observed reductions in tumor burden and key biomarkers corroborate the therapeutic potential of this approach. Collectively, these preclinical findings suggest that electroacupuncture and moxibustion, as non-pharmacological adjunctive therapies, hold translational potential for modulating tumor metabolism and slowing HCC progression, warranting further clinical investigation.

SHAP analysis identified parity as the most critical predictor, followed by age, tumor location, menopausal status, tumor diameter, lymphocyte count, platelet count, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), neutrophil count, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The KNN model, integrated with the SHAP interpretability framework, shows favorable performance, interpretability, and clinical applicability for predicting ALNM in cN0 HR+ BC, offering a valuable tool for preoperative risk assessment and individualized decision-making.

P=N/A, N=484, Completed, Hu Liangshuo

Childhood malignant ovarian tumors are predominantly germ cell tumors, manifesting as large, solid-predominant, calcified lesions with high-risk ultrasound features. Ultrasonic, clinical, and laboratory features vary significantly by pathological type. Integrating these characteristics (including O-RADS and tumor markers) enables preoperative pathological diagnosis, supporting early multi-dimensional and personalized management.

The above case highlights the aggressive nature of hepatoid adenocarcinoma, underscoring the importance of early diagnosis and the challenges posed by its metastatic spread. To our knowledge, this is the first reported instance of HAL presenting with mandibular metastasis as the initial manifestation, thereby expanding the known spectrum of metastatic sites.

P1, N=30, Recruiting, Zydus Therapeutics Inc. | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Mar 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Mar 2026

CEliver provides a practical and accurate strategy for early HCC detection. By enabling high-dimensional cfDNA fragmentomics analysis on a widely accessible electrophoresis platform, it bridges the gap between research-grade cfDNA technologies and real-world clinical implementation. This method represents a simple and scalable approach that could potentially be applied in HCC surveillance.

GAAD, alone or combined with US, is a cost-effective strategy for HCC surveillance in CC patients in Italy, improving the detection of early-stage disease. Better performance data for US+GAAD is needed to confirm results.