P4, N=45, Completed, China Medical University Hospital | Recruiting --> Completed | N=132 --> 45

These findings highlight the dual role of fascin in tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME), and reinforce its potential as a biomarker for personalized TNBC therapies. Ongoing clinical trials, including HITCLIF, are exploring the efficacy of imipramine in patients with fascin-overexpressing cancers, paving the way for targeted treatment strategies.

P=N/A, N=75, Not yet recruiting, Necmettin Erbakan University

P=N/A, N=160, Recruiting, Centre Hospitalier St Anne

Moreover, co-treatment with imipramine enhanced the cytotoxic effects of sorafenib, suggesting that targeting MVP-associated pathways may improve sorafenib response. Collectively, these findings offer mechanistic insight into how sorafenib modulates MVP release and supports the therapeutic potential of combining tyrosine kinase inhibitors with agents that disrupt MVP biogenesis in NSCLC.

Imipramine exerts potent anti-OS effects by suppressing Src-mediated invasion and enhancing caspase-dependent apoptosis through extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. It inhibits tumour progression without inducing systemic toxicity, demonstrating its potential as a therapeutic candidate for OS.

P2, N=25, Recruiting, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio | Trial primary completion date: Feb 2026 --> Aug 2026

P=N/A, N=80, Recruiting, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University; Children's Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University

P=N/A, N=29, Recruiting, Vanderbilt University Medical Center | Trial completion date: Oct 2025 --> Oct 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2025 --> Jun 2027

Moreover, functional enrichment analysis of target genes demonstrated that these genes are involved in cancer-related pathways, including MAPK, FOXO, AMPK, and cellular senescence. Given the significant efficacy of imipramine in potentiating the anti-tumor effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, it can be considered as a potential treatment agent for APL.

P2, N=24, Recruiting, VA Office of Research and Development | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

This study highlights the potential of Tropisetron, Imipramine, Ketanserin, and Cyproheptadine as repurposed drugs for gastric cancer therapy, with Tropisetron and Imipramine showing particularly promising apoptotic effects. These findings pave the way for further preclinical and clinical investigations, offering a foundation for personalized therapeutic strategies in gastric cancer management.