Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

Elevated plasma IL-1β and VEGFA levels are associated with increased metastatic burden and poor overall survival in patients with ACC. Our findings reveal the critical role of IL1B+ TAMs in reshaping the metastatic tumor immune microenvironment and reveal a potential therapeutic vulnerability for metastatic ACC.

Hypoxia-related proteins exhibit compartment-specific patterns that distinguish ACC from MEC at the stromal level, supporting molecular stratification and potential targeted approaches in SG carcinomas.

TKIs provide disease control in ACC, with VEGFR/FGFR inhibitor agents showing the best clinical and survival outcomes. The low durability of response and control of the disease underscores the need for more combined treatment strategies to achieve better results.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05924256. Registered on June 29, 2023.

ACC I tumors confer an approximately four-fold higher mortality risk compared with ACC II tumors. Incorporation of molecular subtype into routine diagnostic and clinical decision-making may improve risk stratification, surveillance strategies, and future trial design in ACC.

This phase I trial (NCT03781986) assesses the safety and antitumor activity of an oral MDM2 inhibitor, alrizomadlin (APG-115), +/- carboplatin in TP53 wild type unresectable recurrent/metastatic salivary gland cancers (R/M SGC) with a planned 1:1 randomization to carboplatin chemotherapy. The RR was 15% with median progression free survival 10.5 months. These findings demonstrate encouraging tolerability of alrizomadlin monotherapy with antitumor activity in patients with TP53 wild type SGC, especially ACC.

Adenosine monophosphate-based RNA fusion testing on sacrificed cytology smears is feasible, reliable, and diagnostically impactful, expanding the role of cytology specimens in definitive tumor classification.

P2, N=818, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: May 2026 --> May 2027 | Trial primary completion date: May 2026 --> May 2027

P2, N=40, Recruiting, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P2, N=40, Not yet recruiting, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University

ADCT-601 demonstrates robust AXL expression linked to anti-tumor activity in preclinical models of ACC, establishing a proof-of-concept for targeting AXL in this rare cancer. These findings support clinical translation of AXL-targeting ADC as a novel biomarker-driven therapy for patients in ACC.

P2, N=28, Recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting | Initiation date: Dec 2026 --> Apr 2026