ACE2 (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2)

Furthermore, phytochemicals isolated from EMC-including p-coumaric acid, rutin, and quercetin-exhibited comparable inhibitory effects. These results indicate that EMC and its bioactive constituents may interfere with SARS-CoV-2 entry by modulating the ACE2/TMPRSS2 axis, highlighting their potential as natural adjuncts for COVID-19 prevention or management.

The H1299-hACE2/spike-pseudotyped lentivirus assay is, therefore, a reliable, high-efficiency platform for screening spike-mediated entry inhibitors. The cell line obtained during the development of the platform can be used to isolate and study new variants of SARS-CoV-2.

ACE2 negatively showed an inverse correlation with CD8+ T-cell infiltration (r = -0.186, P < 0.001) and PD-L1 expression (r = -0.282, P = 0.022). The upregulation of ACE2 is associated with nerve invasion, pathological type, and an immunosuppressive microenvironment with reduced CD8+ T-cell infiltration and PD-L1 expression.

To our knowledge, site-specific labeling and high-potential bio-orthogonal delivery of BTZ in the NSCLC were demonstrated for the first time. More attractively, this concept strengthens future applications for delivering other boronic acid-containing therapeutics against metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.

Our findings demonstrate the first evidence of a dedicated ciliary trafficking machinery for ACE2. We provide compelling evidence that SARS-CoV-2 hijacks evolutionarily conserved ciliary trafficking pathways, with TULP3-dependent targeting of ACE2 to primary cilia serving as a determinant of viral host cell tropism and invasion. This work uncovers novel molecular mechanisms underpinning SARS-CoV-2 infection, and highlights the primary cilium as a critical nexus for viral entry.

The expression of the ACE2-Ang(1-7)-Mas signaling pathway was significantly activated, and the effect was more pronounced in the Ber group with high-concentration compared to the group with low-concentration, demonstrating a dose-dependent response. Conclusion Berberine can inhibit macrophage foam cell formation, potentially through upregulation of the ACE2-Ang(1-7)-Mas signaling pathway, thereby contributing to the alleviation of atherosclerosis.

Aerosolized ZSWQF provides protective effects in COPD mice by reducing airway inflammation and remodeling.

Notably, intravenous Tf-Pen-Lip-pACE2 treatment dramatically attenuated Ang II-induced neurogenic hypertension, whereas Tf-Pen-Lip-pGFP had no effect on pressor responses, sympathetic activity, or AVP secretion. This dual-functionalized liposomal delivery system effectively transported the ACE2 gene across the BBB into the brain, increased ACE2 expression, and markedly attenuated neurogenic hypertension following systemic administration.

Among genes associated with the immune system, all statins, which are effective in vitro affected the expression of genes encoding IL-6 and IL-8 and interaction partners of NF-kB, which may influence the duration of viral persistence. Statins act on multiple pathways simultaneously, some of which support COVID-19 development, while others suppress it.

Additionally, the present review summarizes the potential of ACE2 as a novel therapeutic target for cancer. However, the role of ACE2 expression as a novel chemotherapeutic tool for various human malignancies remains to be fully elucidated.

ReA alleviated renal dysfunction and reduced fibrosis and inflammation, which was related to the inhibition of AT1R/MAPK14/IL-17 pathway. For HN treatment, ReA may be a promising pharmacological strategy.

The ACE2 expression further supports the hypothesis that the virus may trigger adaptive changes in tumor cells. The SARS-CoV-2 could act as a co-factor in tumor progression, especially in individuals predisposed to testicular tumors.