A Phase III clinical trial (EXAM study) of XL184 versus placebo in advanced and progressive medullary thyroid cancer showed a 28 versus 0% overall response rate and a progression-free survival of 11.2 versus 4.0 months (hazard ratio: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.19–0.40; p < 0.0001) in patients treated with cabozantinib and placebo, respectively.