There were 41 (23.6%) patients with BRAF mutation, 31 (17.8%) with NRAS mutation, 17 (9.8%) with KIT mutation, and 85 (48.9%) wild-type patients without either genomic alteration of those three genes….In wild-type patients, anti-PD-1 group had a better DFS than IFN/OBS group ( p = 0.003), while no survival benefits were found for patients with BRAF, NRAS, or KIT mutations....Although anti-PD-1 adjuvant therapy provides a better DFS in the general population and in wild-type patients, patients with BRAF, KIT or, especially, NRAS mutation may not benefit further from immunotherapy than conventional IFN treatment or observation.

This was a single institution cohort analysis in patients treated with anti-PD-1 right after BRAFi, ipilimumab, or chemotherapy failure….Seventy-four patients were included: 33 wild-type and 41 BRAF-mutated melanoma….From initiation of anti PD-1, the median PFS was 2 months (95% CI, 1.6–2.4) in the BRAF mutated group and 5 months (95% CI, 0.2–9.8) in the wild BRAF group (Table 2). A significant benefit with respect to PFS and OS was observed for wild-type BRAF patients as compared to those with mutated BRAF (HR for disease progression or death was 2.3; 95%CI, 1.3–3.9; p = 0.003, Fig. 1a; HR for overall survival was 2.5; 95%CI, 1.3–4.5; p = 0.005, Fig. 1b). OS was 20 months (95%CI, 5.4–34.6) in patients with wild-type BRAF and 7 months (95%CI, 4.0–10.0) in those with mutated BRAF (Table 2). A significant benefit with respect to OS was observed in patients with wild-type BRAF as compared to those with mutated BRAF (HR for death, 2.5; 95%CI, 1.3–4.5; p = 0.005).