We first explored the ICI prognostic roles of SETBP1 mutations in pooled melanoma patients. Kaplan-Meier results showed that SETBP1 mutated (SETBP1-MUT) melanoma patients exhibited a markedly improved ICI survival benefit than wild-type patients (median survival time: 49.3 vs. 25.6 months, Log-rank test P < 0.001; Figure 2A).