We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the benefit of adding immunotherapy to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with localized NSCLC….The subgroup analyses demonstrated a consistent benefit with neoadjuvant immunotherapy independent of age, ECOG status, smoking status, and stage, while the benefit of neoadjuvant immunotherapy was lower in patients with PD-L1-negative tumors than patients with moderate or high levels of PD-L1 expression.