To validate the findings, we analyzed an independent cohort of 63 patients with metastatic ccRCC treated with therapies blocking PD-1 (e.g., nivolumab) or its ligand PD-L1 (e.g., atezolizumab)...Patients whose tumors showed biallelic PBRM1 loss had significantly prolonged OS and PFS compared to patients without PBRM1 LOF (log-rank test P = 0.0074 and 0.029, respectively) (Fig. 2C and fig. S5), and they experienced sustained reductions in tumor burden (Fig. 2D).