The OAK and POPLAR study cohort of NSCLC patients showed that KEAP1/NFE2L2 MUT was associated with poorer overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) (OS: HR = 1.7, P < 0.001; PFS:HR = 1.4, P < 0.001) on immunotherapy, even after EGFR and ALK mutations were excluded, significant difference can also be gained (OS:HR = 1.8, P < 0.001; PFS:HR = 1.5, P < 0.001).