The higher expression of factors involved in the mitochondrial function such as: c-Myc, HNRNPK, NRF1 and EF-Tu predict MM poor outcomes (Fig.1A). Furthermore, mitochondrial representative gene and protein expression and activity were found increased in MM relapse stage patients. We showed overexpression of C-Myc, TFAM and EF-Tu on the MM relapsed group (Fig. 1B)....Thus, mitochondrial respiration emerges as a novel target in bortezomib relapsed MM patients, and, potentially, in multiple c-Myc, HNRNPK and CD38 overexpression neoplasms.