We analyzed the expression levels and examined the clinical significance of immunoregulatory miRNAs...in patients with advanced NSCLC (N = 69) treated with anti-PD-1 (Nivolumab) immunotherapy as 2nd or 3rd line of treatment therapy....Expression of miR-34a, miR-146a, mir-200c, and miR-223 was found to be associated with response to immunotherapy. High miR-200c expression emerged as an independent prognostic factor for inferior overall survival in all patients with NSCLC (OS, HR: 2.243, 95% CI: 1.208-4.163; p = 0.010) and in patients with non-Squamous (non-SqCC) subtype (N = 38) (HR: 2.809, 95% CI: 1.116-7.074; p = 0.028).