Biomarker analyses revealed that a higher frequency of CXCL12 expressing endothelial and glioma cells (EG12 score) significantly correlated with PFS (r=0.87; p=0.005) in patients treated with RT and NOX-A12...We show superior clinical efficacy of RT and NOX-A12 in patients with high frequency of CXCL12 expressing endothelial and glioma cells, suggesting the use of the EG12 score as a novel predictive biomarker for CXCL12-directed therapies in GBM.