PURE 01 trial enrolled 143 patients who received 3 cycles of pembrolizumab (IO) every 3 weeks before radical cystectomy....Seven markers (CD8, stromal or tumour PD-L1, HLA-DR on tumour cells and B2M on tumour cells) were significantly more expressed (p value range: 0.001 to 0.048) on TURB lesions from responders (CR + MR) compared to non responders (N0 or N+). In addition to such markers, patients achieving a CR, compared to non responders, showed significantly higher expression of CD68 and CD163, of PD-1 on lymphocytes, as well as of tumour MHC-I molecules.