Patients with tumors with high AREG expression had significantly shortened PFS (HR: 2.2, log-rank P =.016, mean PFS, 3.1 vs. 5.9 months) and OS (HR: 2.2, log-rank P = 0.0016, mean OS 5.5 vs 9.5 months) compared with patients with low AREG expression score...High EGFRvIII and AREG expression levels identify SCCHN patients who are less likely to benefit from combination treatment with cetuximab and docetaxel.